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Table 2 Distribution of personal and social characteristics in the study sample

From: Does healthcare inequity reflect variations in peoples’ abilities to access healthcare? Results from a multi-jurisdictional interventional study in two high-income countries

Personal and social characteristics Overall n = 284
Percentage (n)
Proxy of healthcare need
Chronic illness burden, % (n)
  Number self-reported chronic illnesses:
   0 17.3% (49)
   1–2 25.4% (72)
   3–5 28.5% (81)
   6+ 28.9% (82)
Demographic & personal characteristics
  Mean age, y (SD) 54.4 (16.3)
  Female, % (n) 63.0% (179)
Immigrant status, % (n)
  Native born 70.7% (188)
  Old immigrants 25.6% (68)
  New immigrants (< 10 years) 3.8% (10)
Language spoken at home, % (n)
  Dominant language1 89.9% (249)
  Other language only 10.1% (28)
Indigenous or Aboriginal, % (n) 6.7% (19)
Social vulnerability characteristics (in order of increasing vulnerability)
Self-perceived financial status, % (n)
  Comfortable 32.5% (88)
  Moderate 42.4% (115)
  Poor or very tight 25.1% (68)
Highest education level, % (n)
  Post-secondary 61.1% (154)
  High school 24.6% (62)
  Less than high school 14.3% (36)
Risk of social isolation2, % (n)
Persons for social support:
  Low (5–6 persons) 64.7% (161)
  Medium (3–4 persons) 18.9% (47)
  High (0–2 persons) 16.5% (41)
Sum of social vulnerabilities
Sum of social vulnerabilities
  Sum of social vulnerability indicators: Indigenous or Aboriginal, new immigrant, financially poor, low education level, high risk of social isolation
   Mean (SD) 0.65 (0.78)
   Median, 25th, 75th 0, 0
   Percent with sum of 2+ 12.7% (34)
  1. 1 Presumed proficiency with the dominant language (English, or French in Quebec; speaking only non-dominant language at home)
  2. 2 Social support was derived from number of persons available (0, 1, or 2+) for assistance with tasks of daily living, love and affection, confidante, good times
  3. Abbreviations: SD standard deviation