Table 5 Community level healthcare facility breastfeeding interventions among women of color in the U.S.: Prenatal and post-partum
| Study/Setting | Study Design/Data collection | Study Population | Intervention | Outcomes Results | Grade |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Messito et al. [60] Pediatric clinics |
Design: RCT Data: 3rd trimester baseline, chart review and 10 mo p.p. phone survey | N = 533 H (266 intervention and 267 controls), NY | 1 prenatal & 8 p.p. individual and group nutrition counseling; delivered by bilingual RD/CLC | Intervention group were more likely to only use breastmilk as milk source for their infant at 10 months p.p.; compared to mothers in the control group | Moderate |
|
Kao et al. [61] Prenatal clinic |
Design: RCT Data: Baseline, post group sessions, 2 wks p.p. and 3 mo p.p. | N = 99 (53 interv. and 46 control); 44.4% H, 28% W, 14.1 AA; inner-city hospital in the Northeast | Intervention to prevent p.p. depression and increase social support, 4 group and 1 individual p.p.session | No between-group differences for BF initiation. Intervention group BF for longer than controls (54 days vs. 21 days). Intervention group twice as likely to still BF at 3 mo p.p. | Very Low |
|
Watt et al. [62] Primary Care clinic |
Design: Quasi-experimental prospective Data: Surveys at 1st and 3rd pregnancy trimester; 2, 6, & 12 mo p.p. | N = 61 H (32 interv. and 20 comparison group); Southwest | Nutrition and cooking group classes in pregnancy and at 1 and 3 mo p.p. | At 6 mo mothers from intervention group marginally more likely to BF | Low |
|
Schreck et al. [63] Prenatal clinic |
Design: Pre/post quasi-experimental study Data: medical record review, phone survey at 1, 3 mo p.p. |
N = 330 pre; 84.5% AA, 9.5% W N = 320 p.p.; 89.7% AA, 9.5% W | 10 prenatal BF education sessions by an IBCLCs and 1 p.p. BF support group | BF education positively associated with BF initiation. Intervention mothers more likely to BF and achieve prenatal BF goals. | Low |
|
Efrat et al. [64] Community Health clinics with WIC programs |
Design: RCT Data: phone surveys at 3rd trimester, 72 h p.p., 1, 3 and 6 mo. | Intervention N = 111 H; Control N = 109 H; LA County | 4 phone calls in pregnancy and 17 p.p. calls from lactation educator providing BF education and support up to 6 mo p.p. | No differences in BF initiation, EBF, any BF at 72 h, 1,3, 6 mo. | Very low |